The blink reflex is a conserved brainstem circuit that protects the eye from sudden stimuli, comprising an early oligosynaptic R1 component and a later polysynaptic R2 response. Beyond its basic ...

Investigate how vestibulospinal pathways contribute to spasticity and abnormal muscle co-activation after stroke, and advance our understanding of brainstem circuit mechanisms underlying motor ...

Reflexes are automatic and involuntary actions the body produces in response to certain stimuli. While some reflexes can involve muscles and movement, others involve internal processes within the body ...